الفهرس 
Introduction and Aim of workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Summary
The aim of this study was to investigate the histological possible protective effect of curcumin and curcumin nanoparticles on cadmium-induced ovarian damage in adult female albino rats. , monitored by histological, immunohistochemical and morphometric studies.
This study was carried out on forty two adult female albino rats. They were divided as follows:
-group I: 7 rats served as control and were given only saline orally by blind ended tube .
-group II (cadmium treated group)(7 rats ): each rat was given 5mg /kg Cd dissolved in saline orally by blind ended tube for 28 days (as CdCl2) –once daily .
-group III (curcumin treated group ) ( 7 rats ) :each animal was receive 100mg /kg curcumin dissolved in phosphate buffer ( pH 7.4) and was given orally by blind ended tube for 28 days once daily .
-group IV (nanocurcumin treated group )(7 rats ) :each animal was given100mg /kg nano-curcumin dissolved in phosphate buffer ( pH 7.4) and was given orally by blind ended tube for 28 days once daily .
-group V (cadmium and curcumin treated group)(7rats ) : each rat was given Cd at a dose of 5mg /kg dissolved in saline orally by blind ended tube concomitantly with curcumin at a dose of 100mg/kg dissolved in phosphate buffer ( pH 7.4) and was given orally by blind ended tube for 28 days once daily .
-group VI (cadmium and nano-curcumin treated group )(7rats): each rat was given Cd at a dose of 5mg/kg dissolved in saline orally by blind ended tube concomitantly with nanocurcumin at a dose of 100mg/kg dissolved in phosphate buffer ( pH 7.4) and was given orally by blind ended tube for 28days once daily .
On the last day of experiment, rats were sacrificed under anesthesia by ether inhalation and specimen will be taken from right ovary of all experimental animals.
The plan of the present study included the following items:
1) Histological Study: Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) .
2) Histochemical Study: Masson’s trichrome staining .
3) Immunohistochemical Study: with (BCL2 onchoprotein) to show the apoptocic cellular changes .
4) Morphometric Study:
A. Mean number of atretic follicles in the ovarian sections of the studied groups.
B. Mean area percent of the stained collagen fibers in the ovarian sections of the studied groups.
C. Mean area percent of Bcl-2 immunoreactivity in the ovarian sections of the studied groups.
5) Statsical analysis
The Results of the Present Work Could be Summarized as follows:
-Results of group I( control group ), group III ( curcumin treated group ) and group IV ( nanocurcumin treated group ) by light microscopic examination, histochemical and immunohistochemical examinations were similar to normal ovarian structure.
-Result of group II (cadmium treated group ): Light microscopic examination of ovarian sections showed irregular outline of the ovaries with flat squamous germinal epithelium. There were massive loss of follicles and many atretic follicles. Some atretic follicle showed shrunken oocyte and detachement of granulosa cells. Degenerated corpora lutea were also observed .There were also markedly dilated and congested cortical blood vessels. Masson’s Trichrome stained sections showed marked deposition of collagen fiber in the cortical stroma between the cortical follicles and extending towards the medulla. The immunohistochemical stained sections showed negative Bcl-2 immunostaining both of follicular and stromal cells
-Results of group V (cadmium and curcumin treated group ): Light microscopic examination of ovarian sections showed that the cortex contains different types of follicles: primordial follicle, multilaminar primary follicle, secondary follicle as well as corpora lutea and some atretic follicles .The ovaries were covered by germinal epithelium which was formed of single layer of cuboidal cells. There were also multiple dilated and congested cortical blood vessels. Masson’s Trichrome stained sections showed minimal deposition of collagen fibers in the cortical stroma. The immunohistochemical stained sections showed the follicular cells exhibited positive brown cytoplasmic deposits for Bcl-2 and negative Bcl-2 immunostaining of the stromal cells.
-Results of group VI (cadmium and nanocurcumin treated group ) : Light microscopic examination of ovarian sections showed more improvement in the histological structure of the ovaries in comparison with results of group V. They showed that the cortex contained many follicles at different stage of growth as primordial follicles, unilamellar primary follicle, multilamellar primary follicle and up to mature graffian follicle in addition to some atretic follicles .
Corpora lutea were also observed. There were also multiple dilated and congested cortical blood vessels . Masson’s Trichrome stained ovarian sections showed minimal deposition of collagen fibers in the cortical stroma. The immunohistochemical stained sections showed that the follicular cells exhibited positive brown cytoplasmic deposits for Bcl-2 and negative Bcl-2 immunostaining of the stromal cells.