الفهرس 
Introduction and aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of gum Arabic (GA) on calcium (Ca) homeostasis in adenine (AD)-induced chronic renal failure (CRF) in male rats. Twenty four adult male Albino rats were divided in to four groups (six rats each): Control (C) group without treatment, GA (15%w/v) in drinking water treated group, AD (300 mg/kg/day) intragastric treated group, AD and GA treated group. All treatments continued for 4 weeks. The results showed that AD treatment caused renal disorders, resembling CRF represented by significant increase in serum creatinine, BUN and uric acid levels associated with increase in urine volume, absolute and relative kidney weight as well as the levels of microprotein and NAG activity in urine. In addition, creatinine clearance and body weight were significantly decreased. AD treatment caused hormonal disorders, elevated levels of parathormone (PTH) and calcitonin (CT), but calcitriol levels decreased. Renal oxidative stress marker Malondialdehyde (MDA) was increased with significant decrease in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). In addition, disturbances in serum and urine mineral levels (Na, Ca, K and P) were observed associated with histopathological changes in renal sections. Moreover, GA administration improved kidney function and calcium (Ca) homeostasis as it keeps the levels of the measured parameters and prevented the oxidative stress induced by AD tended to normal level. Therefore, the study suggests that gum Arabic (GA) may be useful as a renoprotective and help in improvement of calcium homeostasis in CRF patients.