الفهرس 
ContentsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 143 |  |  |
| | | from | 143 | | |
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly fatal contagious viral disease of birds. Newcastle disease caused by Avian Paramyxovirus Type 1 (APMV-1) which classified as a member of genus Avulavirus, subfamily Paramyxovirinae, family Paramyxoviridae and order Mononegavirales. This study was conducted on a total 26 pooled samples each containing six organs (trachea, lung, liver, spleen, proventriculus and intestine) from clinically diseased broiler chickens suspected to be infected by Newcastle disease virus. Samples were collected from Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt from the period from November 2014 until May 2016. Newcastle disease virus is a highly contagious disease in poultry and other birds. In the present study investigated the antiviral activity of onion and garlic extracts on some field isolates and reference strain (Genotype VII) of different pathotypes: *Isolation of NDV from collected samples (trachea, lung, liver, spleen and intestine) of clinically diseased chickens showed respiratory, enteric signs with greenish diarrhea and /or neurological signs via allantoic cavity of 10 days old ECEs. *Identification of the expected to be infected NDV samples by Haemagglutination Test (HA Test). *Identification of the expected to be infected NDV samples by Haemagglutination Inhibition Test (HI Test). *Pathogenicity test were determined by mean death time test (MDT) for some selected samples and reference strain. *Morphological identification of some selected samples was performed by Electron microscope. *Some selected samples were identified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT- PCR) and gel electrophoresis. *Bulbs of Allium sativum and brown leaves of Allium Cepa were extracted and the extracts were tested for their antiviral activity against Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) expressed as reproduction of subcutaneous haemorrhage, HA and EID 50%. Investigating the antiviral effects of both garlic and onion extracts on some expected to be mesogenic strains samples showed absence of virus after mixed by extracts, while samples of velogenic activity (sample No. 10 and the reference genotypic strain) showed reduction of virus in HA test, subcutaneous hemorrhage and EID50%.