الفهرس 
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Abstract
Laser applications in regenerative endodontics are a promising alternative treatment for teeth with open apices and necrotic pulps. The present study was performed to evaluate the Efficacy of Diode Laser in maturogenesis of Immature Teeth with Necrotic Pulps in comparison to conventional technique of revascularization using triple antibiotic mix. Immature necrotic permanent maxillary anterior teeth of medically free patients 8-16years old were used to perform regenerative endodontic procedures (revascularization) and divided into 3 groups (n = 10) : group I: Ten teeth were disinfected by triple antibiotic paste then Revascularization was done using the standard method. group II: Ten teeth were Laser disinfected; Revascularization was done using the standard method. group III: Ten teeth were disinfected by triple antibiotic paste then Revascularization was done using the standard method followed by diode laser bio-stimulation. Follow-up was done at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months intervals and included clinical examination for signs and symptoms and radiographic evaluation for increase in root length, increase in root thickness, a decrease in apical diameter, and a decrease in lesion size, and the antibacterial efficacy of the Diode laser (980) nm and triple antibiotic disinfection methods on the colony forming units.
The results showed that:-
All tested groups did not exhibit any signs and symptoms clinically.
Discoloration of the teeth was seen in group I and III.
Radiographically, there was a progressive increase in root length, increase in root thickness, a decrease in apical diameter, and a decrease in lesion size in the three groups. However, in all groups, there was an increase in root length and thickness, and decrease in the apical diameter over the follow-up periods.
Regarding the root length, after 3 months, group III (disinfected by triple antibiotic paste followed by diode laser bio-stimulation) showed the highest mean value (0.5±0.1) whereas group I(triple antibiotic paste) recorded the lowest mean value with no significant difference between groups (p=0.176), however after 12 month follow up period, the highest mean value (1.8±0.22) was recorded in group III, whereas group I recorded the lowest mean (0.7±0.21) with significant difference between all groups.
After 12 months, group III showed the highest mean value increase in root thickness (1±0.25), whereas group I recorded the lowest mean (0.22±0.05)with significant difference between groups (p=0.00), however no significant difference between groups II&III.
Same results was found on the apical diameter, After 12 months, the highest mean reduction of apical diameter value (6.9±1.7) was recorded in group III, whereas group I recorded the lowest mean (0.6±0.18). ANOVA test revealed an extremely significant difference between groups (p=0.00) with no significant difference between groups I&II.
In group I, There was a gradual increase in root length by time, the highest mean value (0.22±0.05) was recorded after 12 months. As well as increase in the dentin thickness, the highest mean value (0.6±0.18) was recorded after 12 months. Same as decrease in the apical diameter, the highest mean value (0.22±0.05) was recorded after 12 months.
A significant improvement in the size of bone lesions was found after 12 months of follow-up in all groups. No significant difference was found between all groups through the whole follow-up period.
The colony forming unit’s results reveled non-significant difference in percent change after treatment between triple antibiotic paste and laser disinfection.