الفهرس 
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Abstract
Distribution and concentrations of chemical parameters and heavy metals in the Damietta Nile branch and Elnasriyah drain have been investigated in twenty one water samples and thirty five bottom samples collected along eighteen stations (sites) starting from Samanoud to Mit Alkholy Abdalla. Average concentrations of pH, DO, BOD, COD, TN and TP as well as heavy metal concentrations (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni, Co, Pb, Cd) were compared with the permissible limits of Egypt laws (2007), WHO (2011) and FAO (1994). High concentrations of BOD and COD in the Nile water are due to the pollutions from Elnasriyah drain, fish farming, domestic sewage, agricultural and industrial wastes, which constitute serious deterioration of the water quality. Average total nitrogen (TN) in Elnasriyah drain water is higher than in Damietta Nile Branch due to the high nitrate concentrations. The average total phosphorous (TP) in the Damietta Nile branch and Elnasriyah drain is higher than the permissible limits of (12) (not exceed 1.0 mg/l). Dissolved oxygen (DO) in the Damietta Nile Branch has average value 7.28 mg/l exceeding the permissible limits of (12) and indicating better water quality than Elnasriyah drain water where DO values equal 1.93 mg/l being lower than the permissible limits of (12). The average concentrations of Pb and Cd in the Nile water recorded higher contents than the permissible limits given by Egypt laws (2007) and WHO (2011) for drinking water. Also, the average concentrations of Co and Cd in Elnasriyah drain are higher than the permissible limits of FAO (1985, 1994); implying potential adverse impacts in the aquatic environment. This study proved that Elnasriyah drain at Samanoud is considered as one of the main sources for pollution in the area. This study proved that Elnasriyah drain at Samanoud is considered as one of the main sources for pollution in the area. The self-purification capacity of the Nile River is supposed to be high. The chemical water quality is in general tolerable for domestic uses. When compared with some major rivers in Europe and USA, the Nile River can be considered mostly as a moderately clean river but with localized severe pollution problems.