الفهرس 
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Abstract
The retention of bile, the growth promoting effects and the possible adverse effects induced by repeated i.m. administration of Clanobutin sodium and Menbutone diethanolamine injected each alone were evaluated in mature male goats. Moreover, the concomitant i/m administration of these drugs each alone with Neostigmine on the function of gall bladders or evacuation of bile in mature male goats were recorded. Furthermore, the effects of repeated i.m. administration of Clanobutin sodium and Menbutone diethanolamine each alone on the foeti during the intra-uterine life in pregnant female rats and / or induction of abortion were carried out. A) Experiments on mature male goats: Mature male goats were divided into three equal groups each of 5 animals and treated as follows: group 1: Male goats were treated with Clanobutin sodium at a dose of 20 mg/kg. b.wt. i.m. then 10 mg/kg. b.wt i.m on the second day/once weekly for 8 successive weeks. group 2: Male goats were treated with Menbutone diethanolamine at a dose of 10 mg/kg.b.wt. i.m then 5 mg/.b.wt.i.m on the second day/once weekly for 8 successive weeks.
On the sixth and seventh week of experiment, Neostigmine was injected concomitantly with these drugs.
group 3: Male goats were left as a control group and injected with 2 ml. saline i.m on 1st dayand 1 ml. saline on 2nd day/ once weekly for 8 successive weeks Body weight, Body weight gain, feed conversion ratio were evaluated. Blood picture, biochemical and hormonal changes were studied at the 2nd, 4th and 8th week of the experiment. Semen characteristics were evaluated. At the end of experiment on 8th week, all bucks were castrated and testis and epididymis were separated and kept in formalin 10% solution for hist-patholgical studies. Moreover, three groups of pregnant rats were used to study the effect of i.m .injection of Clanobutin sodium (40 mg/kg) or Menbutone diethanolamine (20 mg/kg) on the foeti and /or induction of abortion. The administration of Clanobutin sodium or Menbutone diethanolamine each to its specified group was started from 5th day to15th day from pregnancy period. The obtained results are as follows: Ultrasonography findings on gall bladders: Intramuscular administration of Clanobutin sodium or Menbutone diethanolamine to male goats induced retention of the bile as evident from the recorded reproducible significant increase in G.B dimensions. Neostigmine injected i.m to male bucks treated with these drugs resulted in evacuation of the gall bladders as evident from a significant decrease in G.B. dimensions. Productive traits: The total body weights, body weight gains and the total feed conversion ratio were improved in all treated groups in comparison with the control group. Blood picture: There were insignificant changes in PCV%, R.B.Cs. count and Hb. concentration in the treated male goats in comparison with the control group. The W.B.C. count of male goats treated with Clanobutin sodium and male goats treated with Menbutone diethanolamine were significantly decreased in comparison the control group. The differential leucocytic count showed clear variation in the three groups in the 2nd, 4th and 8th weeks of treatment. Biochemical Findings: Serum ALT and AST levels were significantly increased in both treated groups all over the periods of the experiment. Serum ALP level of both treated groups of bucks was significantly decreased all over the periods of the experiment. The serum GGT level of both treated groups was significantly decreased at the 2nd and 4th week of treatment, while its level was non-significantly differed on the 8th week after the beginning of treatment. Serum triglycerides levels and serum cholesterol levels of both treated groups were non-significantly differed all over the periods of the experiment. Serum total, direct and indirect bilirubin levels of both treated groups were non-significantly differed at the 2nd week after the beginning of treatment, while, serum total and indirect bilirubin levels of both treated groups were significantly decreased on the 4th and 8th week of treatment. Serum total protein and albumin content of both treated groups were non-significantly different at the 2nd and 4th week after the beginning of treatment. Serum total protein and albumin content of Clanobutin sodium treated group were significantly increased in comparison with Menbutone diethanolamine treated group and the control group at 8th week of treatment. The globulin content and A/G ratio were not significantly differed between both treated groups of male goats and control groups at the 2nd, 4th and 8th week of treatment. Serum urea level was significantly increased in Clanobutin sodium treated group than Menbutone diethanolamine treated group than the control group all over the periods of the experiment. Serum creatinine levels were non-significantly differed in both treated groups in comparison with the control group all over the periods of the experiment. Reproductive Findings (Semen characters): Male goats treated with Clanobutin sodium showed high significant changes in semen characters all over the periods of the experiment in 2nd, 4th and 8th week post-treatment. Male goats treated with Menbutone diethanolamine showed significant changes in semen characters at the different periods of the experiments at 2nd, 4th and 8th week post-treatment. The testicular and epididymal weight index of male goats treated by both drugs injected each alone were significantly decreased in both treated groups in comparison with the control group of male goats. Hormonal Findings: Administration of canobutin sodium or Menbutone diethanolamine i.m each alone to male goats induced a significant decrease in serum testosterone and a significant increase in FSH and LH levels after 2nd, 4th and 8th week of treatment. Histopathological Findings: Administration of Clanobutin sodium or Menbutone diethanolamine i.m each alone to male goats for 8 successive weeks results in many histophatholgical alterations in the testicular and epididymal tissue. (B) Experiments on foeti of pregnant rats: Repeated administration of Clanobutin sodium and Menbutone diethanolamine given i.m each alone produced a significant decrease in number of foeti, weight of each feotus and number of live feti in both uterine horns of pregnant female rat. Both drugs increased the number of dead feti. CONCLUSION The present study investigates some pharmacodynamics, the growth promoting effect and the possible adverse effects induced by repeated i.m. administration of Clanobutin sodium and Menbutone diethanolamine injected i.m each alone in mature male goats and pregnant rats . Clanobutin sodium and Menbutone diethanolamine injected to male goats induced retention of bile and increased the dimension of gall bladders. Concomitant administration of Neostigmine is necessary to evacuate the distended gall bladders. Both drugs increased the growth rate. These drugs deteriorate semen characters, decreased testosterone levels and induced many histological alterations in the testes and epididymis of treated male goats. Repeated i.m administration of Clanobutin sodium and Menbutone diethanolamine given each alone produced a significant decrease in number of foeti, weight of each feotus and number of live feti in both uterine horns of pregnant female rat. The administration of these drugs each alone resulted in a significant increase in the number of dead feti in both uterine horns of pregnant female rat. It could be concluded that i.m administration of Neostigmine concomitantly with these drugs is imperative. Administration of Clanobutin sodium and Menbutone diethanolamine each alone without Neostigmine must be avoided in animals complaining of impaction. The administration of Clanobutin sodium or Menbutone diethanolamine must be avoided in valuable bulls used for breeding and in pregnant female animals.