الفهرس 
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Abstract
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is one of the most common causes of neonatal respiratory failure and neonatal death, The underlying pathogenesis of RDS involves developmental immaturity of the lungs, leading to inadequate pulmonary surfactant (PS) production, The greatest risk factor for respiratory distress syndrome is prematurity, although the syndrome does not occur in all premature newborns. Other risk factors include maternal diabetes, cesarean delivery.
The Aim of our study: To evaluate the risk factors and outcome of neonates with respiratory distress syndrome admitted to NICU in Minia university hospital. To assess the factors predicting the outcome of neonates admitted to NICU in Minia university hospital.
Our study is a retrospective cohort study conducted among 12 month admitted neonates with respiratory distress syndrome to Neonatal intensive care unit in Minia university hospital from 1/1/2015 until 1/1/2016 .
An approval was taken from the director of pediatric department.
Our study was conducted among all neonates admitted to NICU with respiratory distress syndrome diagnosed clinically and confirmed by investigation such as chest x ray and blood gas analysis and exclusion of newborn with major congenital anomalies as diaphragmatic hernia lung hypoplasia, congenital heart disease or sever metabolic disorders.
Data were collected by a designed well-structured questionnaire; The questionnaire included socio demographic data, medical data concerning disease and treatment, laboratory and radiological data
Our study showed that The mean weight of the studied newborn was1.4±0.4 kg, the mean gestational age was 31.6±3.1 weeks. 60.8% of them delivered by CS. Nearly 70.8% were twin deliveries, Regarding their maternal age its mean was 27.1±6.5 years. 32.5%of mothers had PROM, 28.3% had DM, 9.2% had hypertension and only 6.7%were normal pregnancy.
Nearly half 45.8%of RDS newborn was died.
Logistic regression analysis of factors predicting mortality among RDS, Low birth Weight (OR= 5.5), CS (OR= 2.2), High Down score (OR= 1.9), Low Gestational age (OR= 1.2) and Short duration of hospital stay (OR= 1.1) had significant increased odds ratio for occurrence of mortality
The rate of RDS was higher among early preterm 64.2% compared to late preterm 34.2% and full term 1.6%.
logistic regression analysis of infant and maternal risk factors of RDS; Regarding infant risk factors the highest odds ratio was for weight less than 2kg in early (OR=6) and late preterm (OR=1.9). Regarding maternal risk factors the highest odds ratio was for CS (OR=1.8) in early preterm and (OR=1.1) in late preterm followed by PROM in early preterm (OR= 1.03) and cardiac disease in late preterm (OR=4).