الفهرس 
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Abstract
In present thesis, a refined two–dimensional shear deformation theory is presented for the thermal response of functionally graded plates using a modified version of the mixed variational principle of Reissner. This variational principle considered the stresses and displacements as independent fields. A body–force analogy is used to introduce the thermal effect into the variational formulation. The governing and constitutive equations with the required boundary conditions are deduced. The advantage of the present theory is that it contains both the transverse normal strains and stresses in complete consistence with the surfaces conditions at the top and bottom surfaces of the plates without lost its simplicity. Therefore, the rational for the shear correction factor used in the other plate theories is obviated. Thermal bending problem of functionally graded isotropic plates with material properties varying through the thickness direction is solved. Numerical results for the transverse deflections and stresses are obtained. To assess the validity of the present theory, some of these numerical results are compared with their counterparts available in the literature obtained exactly due to three–dimensional approaches.