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Abstract Fibrocystic changes of the breast (FCCs) is the most frequently encountered benign breast condition. FCC has a broad grouping of subclassification ranging from small or large cyst formation, hyperplasia of ductal epithelium, apocrine metaplasia of the cells of the duct, papillomatosis and duct ectasia, sclerosing adenosis and fibrosis of the stroma. The frequency of this condition increases with age. Approximately 10% of women younger than 21 years have been diagnosed with FCCs, in the child bearing period the incidence is noted to be about 25%, this frequency increases to be nearly 50% in women during the perimenopausal period. FCCs may be multifocal and bilateral. The most common presenting symptoms are breast pain and tender nodularities in breasts. Although the exact pathogenesis of the entity is not clear, hormonal imbalance, particularly estrogen predominance over progesterone, seems to play an important role in its development. To simplify the classification of the histological changes seen in the fibrocystic changes, we can characterize the conditions as: cystic changes, changes associated with ductal hyperplasia, and fibrosis in the stroma. Imaging spectrum of FCCs includes: Mammography, Ultrasound, Elastography and MRI.In this literature we have described findings of FCCs in Mammography and ultrasound. Unfortunately 39% of FCCs are occult in Mammography due to high breast density in younger patients, other findings include microcalcifications, asymmetrical densities, architectural distorsion and opacities. FCCs can appear in ultrasound as cysts (simple, complicated), masthopatic nodules, plaques and architectural distorsion. On Doppler: 35% of lesions had intrinsic vascular signal. |