الفهرس 
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Abstract
The thesis about Electrical and Optical Properties of bulk, nano manganese sulfate fluids and bulk, nano ferrous ammonium sulfate fluids. The optical properties of bulk manganese sulfate MnSO4, nano MnSO4, bulk ferrous ammonium sulfate (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2, nano ferrous ammonium sulfate fluids in distilled water, 10% per volume ethanol EtOH- H2O and 20% per volume EtOH- H2O solvents at different temperatures 298, 303, 308, 313 K. The optical properties such as molar refraction (R), atomic polarization (PA), electronic polarization (PE), polarizability (αp), and dipole moment constant (µ) were evaluated from the measured refractive indices using Abbe Refractometer of different fluids used. It was found that all the optical properties are greater for nano MnSO4 fluids than that of bulk ones in distilled water, but smaller than that of bulk ones in 10 % EtOH-H2O and 20 % EtOH-H2O solvents at all different temperatures used. Also it was shown that all the optical properties of nano ferrous ammonium sulfate fluids are greater than bulk ferrous ammonium sulfate in H2O, but smaller than that of bulk in 10 % EtOH - H2O and 20 % EtOH - H2O solvents. Also the effect of solvent on the chemical bonds due to solvation can be expected. The electric conductance values were estimated from the dc conductivity measurements of bulk and nano fluids used in H2O. It was found that the electrical molar conductance values of nano MnSO4 fluids are higher than that of bulk MnSO4 fluids but the association and thermodynamic parameters such as association constant (KA), enthalpy of association (ΔH), Gibbs free energies of association (ΔG) and entropies of association (ΔS) which were evaluated by applying Fuoss-Kraus theory gave smaller values of nano MnSO4 fluids than that of bulk. It was also found that the electrical and association thermodynamic properties of bulk ferrous ammonium sulfate fluids are greater than that of nano ferrous ammonium sulfate fluids indicating more solvation processes. The electrical cyclic voltammetry of the used fluids were studied by using three electrodes process which are glassy carbon electrode as working electrode, silver-silver chloride as a reference electrode and platinum wire as auxiliary electrode in 0.1M KCl solutions. The cyclic voltammetry of bulk and nano MnSO4 fluids were studied in distilled H2O at 292K. The data showed two reduction peaks and two oxidation peaks and the redox mechanism was studied. The redox behavior of bulk and nano ferrous ammonium sulfate fluids gave two reduction peaks and two oxidation peaks except one peak in the oxidation of nano ferrous ammonium sulfate from Fe (0) to Fe (II). The mechanisms of cyclic voltammetry were illustrated. The different volumes of the used fluids were evaluated from the different measured densities. All volumes such as apparent volume (Vφ), molar volume (Vm), Van der Waals volume (Vw) and electrostriction volume (Ve) of nano MnSO4 fluids are smaller than the corresponding bulk fluids at all the temperatures used indicating small solvation behavior. All volumes of nano ferrous ammonium sulfate fluids are greater than that of bulk fluids at all the temperatures used indicating good solvation behavior.