الفهرس 
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Abstract
Electronic’s market is rapidly growing where smaller electronics with more functionality is required. Currently, there is a demand for low cost, portable, light weight, robust and low power electronic devices. New technologies have been applied to find suitable solutions based on the integration between nanotechnology and flexible electronics. This combination can provide new commercial products that are involved into several fields, which raises challenges to the substrate technology and related assembly technologies in electronic packaging for high density, and small feature size. These flexible-based nanotechnology electronic circuits can be part of each device, but it is not simply to replace today’s manufacturing chips, and replace the assembly lines for different products. Therefore, lots of researchers try to use inexpensive, reliable, durable and environmental substrates for implementation numerous electronic devices. Flexible electronics have been involved into a lot of devices in markets that are used in normal life today, such as: smartphones (e.g. Samsung flexible smartphone), RFID tags, intelligent smart cards, finger print scanner, energy harvesting circuits, light weight and fold able display screens, and solar cell. In addition, flexible electronics take part into biomedical devices, and play significant role in imaging, tracking and sensing. This thesis is concerned with a proactive target to find optimal conditions of printing procedures to ensure higher performance of printed electronic elements such as antennas. Firstly, the selection of suitable, efficient, and easy printing technique and printer type are proposed, and then it followed by an investigation of suitable environmental substrate materials. Secondly, basic electronic circuits and antenna designs are printed onto different flexible substrates. These printed circuits are exposed to different temperature degrees testing the effect of temperature on resistance value, in addition to effect of multilayer printing. Finally, the investigated optimal printing procedures are used to print several antenna designs on flexible substrates using conductive nanoparticles ink. This thesis proposes using of such flexible antennas for different communications fields, as it can be used in wireless router instant of normal external monopole antennas. Moreover, it is used to serve applications that rely on internet of things (IoT) by producing suitable design of a reconfigurable antenna. This reconfigurable antenna redistributes its RF current using RF switches. Thesis provides antenna reconfigurability based on exposing flexible antenna to mechanical deformation strain (twisting and folding). Different methods and techniques are presented, showing the ability to use the same flexible antenna design to operate over different wireless communication systems and perform multi-function.