الفهرس 
SepsisOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Background: Sepsis is a systemic, deleterious host response to infection leading to severe sepsis (acute organ dysfunction secondary to documented or suspected infection) and septic shock (severe sepsis plus hypotension not reversed with fluid resuscitation). Severe sepsis and septic shock are major healthcare problems, affecting millions of people around the world each year, killing one in four (and often more), and increasing in incidence. Similar to polytrauma, acute myocardial infarction, or stroke, the speed and appropriateness of therapy administered in the initial hours after severe sepsis develops.
Aims: The aim of this study is to highlight the importance of early recognition of sepsis and early appropriate administration of empirical antimicrobial agents with spectrum likely to treat the responsible pathogen effectively.
Mythology: Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. This new definition emphasizes the primacy of the nonhomeostatic host response to infection, the potential lethality that is considerably in excess of a straightforward infection, and the need for urgent recognition.
Conclusion: The first protocoled step in the care of patients with septic shock is fluid resuscitation with the goal of restoring intravascular volume (and presumptively, preload). There are several methods to estimate volume status that are gaining support, such as ultrasound-guided assessment of the respirophasic variation of the inferior vena cava (IVC), and pulse-pressure variation (PPV). The second resuscitation endpoint in SS/SS is the establishment of a MAP of at least 65 mmHg. The third resuscitation endpoint for the treatment of septic shock is a SCVO2 of at least 70%, as a measure of the balance between tissue oxygen delivery and consumption.