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Abstract Strabismus is eye misalignment that affects 2- 4 % of children. Traditionally, the goal of strabismus treatment is to realign the visual axes in order to eliminate diplopia, produce, maintain, or restore binocular vision. Additionally, surgery is done to improve an abnormal head posture, eliminate abnormal eye movements, or simply to restore the normal anatomical position of the eyes. In spite of the application of the best surgical technique, strabismus always has a possibility to require re-operation. As after surgery in cases whose binocular vision could not be maintained or the deviations were severe to the level that strabismus were shown in appearance, re-operation is required. The aim of this work was to study the indications for further surgical interference in cases with previous strabismus surgery and the proper management of each one. A prospective non comparative study was conducted on patients presented to Menoufia University outpatient clinic with history of primary surgery for strabismus and had abnormal binocularity, residual, recurrent, or consecutive angle and meet the inclusion criteria. The patients with history of one time surgery and still have residual angle of deviation, consecutive or recurrent strabismus were included. |