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Abstract rypanosomiasis is a large group of diseases caused by obligated flagellate blood parasites; that infect members of every vertebrate class. They are found in blood and / or tissues of vertebrate hosts causing trypanosomiasis in human and animals. Human african trypanosomiasis is caused by two subspecies of Trypanosoma brucei: T. brucei gambiense, and T. brucei rhodesiense, which are primarily transmitted by the bite of infected tsetse flies. While African animal trypanosomiasis (AAT) is a group of diseases of ruminants, camels, equines, swine and carnivores caused by different trypanosome species, such as T. congolense, T. vivax, T. evansi and T. brucei brucei which cause “nagana” in cattle or T. equiperdum which causes “dura” in horses and T. evansi causes surra which infects mainly camels, cattle, and buffalos and other wild animals. Representative strains of T. equiperdum and T. evansi have been shown to be strains of T. brucei. |