الفهرس 
Material and MethodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 105 |  |  |
| | | from | 105 | | |
Abstract
Antibiotics are widely used in veterinary medicine to treat disease and improve health of animals and subsequently drug residues may persist in food derived from animals, which may pose an adverse health effect for the consumers.
Ninety random samples of sheep’s meat, liver and kidneys (30 of each) were equally collected from 2 different abattoirs represented by urban and rural areas in Menofia governorate (45 of each) for detection of their levels of oxytetracycline and ampicillin residues .The detection and estimation of such oxytetracycline and ampicillin were applied by Four Plate Test (FPT) and High Performance Liquid chromatography (HPLC).
The obtained results revealed that the incidence of oxytetracycline residues in the examined samples of sheep’s meat, liver and kidneys were 6.67% , 20% and 20 % application of FPT and 13.33%, 20 % and 33.33% by using HPLC respectively for urban area. While, 13.33%, 26.67% and 33.33% for such meat, liver and kidneys samples by using FPT and 20 % ,33.33% and 33.33% by using HPLC respectively for rural area.
On the other hand the average concentrations of oxytetracycline residues (µg/kg) in the examined samples of sheep’s meat, liver and kidneys were 109.5±17.3, 584.7±41and 1115.2±98.7 for urban area and 178.3±22.8, 697.2±59.1 and1291.6±117.5 for rural area respectively.
Accurately 0%, 13.33% and13.33% of the sheep’s meat, liver and kidneys samples collected from urban area were un accepted and 6.67%, 20% and 26.67% of the examined samples of sheep’s meat, liver and kidneys collected from rural area, respectively were un accepted based on their contents of oxytetracycline .
The differences associated with the examined samples of sheep ’’meat, liver and kidney’’ were highly significantly (p<0.01) . Due to their contents of oxytetracycline, also highly significantly (p<0.01) differences between these samples were appeared as a result of variety in localities (urban &rural).
On the other hand, the incidence of ampicillin residues in the examined samples of sheep’s meat, liver and kidneys were 0%, 13.33% and 13.33% by application of FPT and 13.33%, 20.00% and 26.67% by using HPLC respectively for urban area. While, 6.67%, 20.00% and 20.00% for such meat, liver and kidneys samples by using FPT and 13.33% , 26.67% and 33.33% by using HPLC respectively for rural area.
The mean values of ampicillin residues (µg/kg) in the examined samples of sheep’s meat, liver and kidneys were 17.5±1.1, 50±4.8 and 72.3±6.2 for urban area and 28.5±1.9, 57.7±5.2 and 85.8±9.4 of the examined samples of sheep’s meat, liver and kidneys for rural area respectively.
Accurately 6.67% and 20% of the examined samples of sheep’s liver and kidneys for urban area and 13.33% and 20% of the examined samples of sheep’s liver and kidneys for rural area respectively were un accepted .while, all examined samples of meat were accepted where they did not exceed the permissible limits.
The differences associated with the examined samples of sheep ’’meat, liver and kidney’’ were highly significantly (p<0.01) . Due to their contents of ampicillin residues. While significant differences (p<0.05) between these samples were appeared as a result of variety in localities(urban &rural).
Generally ,antibiotic residues(OTC and APC) percentage in rural area higher than urban area due to lack of awareness on the proper usage of this antibiotics and failure observation drug withdrawal period.
HPLC technique is better than FPT because more sensitive, more accurate , automated , need small amount of samples and quick method for analysis of sample.
Finally, the public health significance and the possible sources for the presence of oxytetracycline & ampicillin in the sheep carcasses as well as some recommendations to control these serious residues were discussed.