الفهرس 
Review of literatureOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Diagnosis of protozoal parasites requires highly sensitive and specific tests; the question of the public health impacts of Cryptosporidium, and Giardia species and genotypes is emerging. For this reason, there is an urgent need to determine the extent of genetic diversity within strains affecting humans or animals in order to understand the molecular epidemiology of this Cryptosporidium, and Giardia. This study is designed primarily to diagnose infection of some enteric protozoa by the recent methods. Also by molecular techniques as RAPD-PCR, and genotyping, phylogenetic tree was also done. Results Immunological assay was done by three testes. Firstly, direct ELISA on C. parvum, it has a specificity 79.1 %, and sensitivity 81.1%. Secondly, Rapid Strip Test for G. duodenalis and E. histolytica, for G. duedenalis the specificity was 73.8 %, and the sensitivity was 76.8 %. In E. histolytica the specificity 52.7%, and the sensitivity was 42.8 %. Thirdly Agar Gel Immuno Diffusion test, specificity was 39.4 %,while the sensitivity was 8.33%. Molecular identification by RAPD-PCR, and genotyping, phylogenetic tree was constructed for Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia duodenalis from cattle, sheep, dogs, and cats using primers of (18 SSU-r RNA gene locus). there is significant intraspecies diversity in the genus Cryptosporidium, canine, and feline C. parvum isolates differ from the bovine isolates in four polymorphic regions of the SSU rRNA gene, the evolutionary distance between canine C. parvum and the two bovine C. parvum genotypes is much smaller than the evolutionary distances between other Cryptosporidium spp, C. canis might be considered another genotype of bovine C. parvum. These findings highlight the importance of canine, bovine, feline, and ovine transmission of Giardia in Egypt, and establish a method for additional and more molecularly extensive epidemiological studies to improve sanitation and hygiene in the most affected areas.