الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Child abuse constitutes all forms of physical and /or emotional ill treatment,sexual abuse, neglect or negligent treatment or commercial or other exploitation, it results in actual or potential harm to the child’s health, survival, development or dignity in the context of a relationship of responsibility, trust or power. Aim: identify child physical and emotional abuse among primary school children at Menoufia Governorate. Design: Descriptive study was conducted for the study. Setting: A multistage random sample was used to select four primary schools in Menouf and Shebin El Kom district. The study was carried out at four primary schools at two districts (Menouf and Shebin El Kom district) at Menoufia Governorate. Subjects: All children age from 10-12 years and both genders (males and females) were included in the study. Tools: (A) structured interviewing questionnaire developed by the researcher (B) Observational checklist of students. (C) Biophysiological measurements Results: The study revealed that, there was statistically significant difference between child sex and physical abuse. Children whose fathers and mothers were illiterate and with low educational level exposed to physical abuse, emotional abuse and neglect more than children whose parents are with high educational level.Children with not working fathers exposed to physical abuse and neglect more than children with working fathers. On the other hand, children with working fathers exposed to emotional abuse more than children with not working fathers. Childrenwith working mothers exposed to physical abuse, emotional and neglect more than children with not working mothers. There was highly statistically significant difference between all types of child abuse& neglect and school achievement.Conclusion: It is obvious that child abuse is a significant public health problem among the study population. Physical, emotional forms were recalled by 47.6% &59.8 % of the students, respectively, while, 46.8 % reported exposure to at least one form of parent’s neglect. Child sex, child birth order, mother’s educational level,mother occupation, father’s educational level, father occupation and family income are strong predictors of child abuse and neglect. The main outcomes of exposure to physical abuse were Bruises, Wounds/Scratches, Fractures and loss of teeth. While,the main outcomes of exposure to emotional abuse and neglect were low educational performance, increasing aggression, having symptomatic pain of unknown cause,having nightmares and enuresis. Recommendations: Awareness programs targeted for all of students, parents, teachers & social workers is needed. Strong parent–child relationships are important for child safety. Accordingly, family-counseling services should be available and parents with problems should be encouraged to use them.Programs for prevention of child abuse and for treating and rehabilitating victims are urgently needed. Activation of the child protection laws.