الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study were carried on a total of 250 coturinx quail of different ages (80 apparently healthy,80 diseased and 90 dead) were obtained from farms of army forces and subjected for bacteriological and mycological examination.
- The results showed that 75%, 72%, 70%, 70%, 36.3, 36% and 35% of samples were positive for bacteria isolated from rectal, lung, nasal, air sacs, trcheal, liver and heart blood swabs respectively.
- The result obtained showed that 49.7%, 35.1%, 15.2% of dead ,diseased and apparently normal quail samples proved to harbor pathogenic bacteria.
- Bacteriological examination revealed that 251 bacterial isolates were recovered from diseased and dead birds .
- The highest isolates were recovered from lung 60 isolates followed by 50 isolates from air sacs , 45 isolates from liver , 32 isolates from nasal swabs , 28 isolates from rectal swabs , 20 isolates from heart blood and the lowest recorded were from tracheal swabs 16 isolates.
- The isolated Pasteurellae from the examined samples were P.multocida ss.multocida(35% from the total isolates ),P.aergenes 26.4%,P.multocida ss.gallicida (15.5%), P.avium (8.5%), P.haemolytica (70%), P.ureae (4.6%) with different proportion each among the examined tissues and heart blood.
- Mycoplasma were isolated from diseased and dead birds were 63 isolates with an incidence of 25.1% followed by Salmonella species 36 isolates with an incidence of 12.75%, E.colli 29 isolates with an incidence of 11.5 and Proteus species 13 isolates with an incidence of 5.2%.
- The present results also showed that about 32 isolates of Salmonella were isolated from both diseased and dead birds out of 250 samples. S.pullorum was the most predominant serovars isolated with an incidence 35.3% followed by Typhimurium with an incidence of 29.5% on the other hand , S.gallinarum and S.enteritidis was the last serotypes isolated with an incidence of 23.6% and 11.8% respectively.
- The obtained result showed that Pasteurellae spp.represent the most common gram negative bacteria recovered from apparently healthy quail 15 isolates (45.6%)followed by Proteus 7 isolates (21.2%), Mycoplasma 6 isolates (18.1%)and E.colli 5 isolates( 15.2%).
- The results revealed that the most isolated sites of Salmonella isolation in old quail revealed the intestinal contents followed by liver specimens then lungs and lastly heart blood samples.
- On sensitivity test it was found that Pasteurella multocida sensitive to Norfloxacin and Ciprofloxacin(90.6 – 90%)but highly resistence to Rimactan.
- E.colli strains were highly sensitive to Gentamycin 100% and highly resistence to Ampicillin, Erythromycin, Rimactan, Danofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin variable intermediate sensitivity was shown to Streptomycin, Neomycin, Chloramphenicol and lower to Nalidixic acid.
- All Salmonella isolates were highly sensitive to Gentamycin 100%,Chloramphenicol and Neomycin (90.6%)and resistant to Ampicillin and Erythromycin ( 0% ).
- The Mycoplasma spp. recovered were found to be highly sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin 100%. Mean while the tested strains showed moderate sensitivity to Danofloxacin, Gentamycin and Neomycin and resistant to Ampicillin and Chloramphenicol.
- The Proteus isolates were found to be highly sensitive to Danofloxacin and Rimactan.
- Mycological Examination showed that the most fungal and yeast isolates were isolated from nasal swab 19 isolates followed by lung 17 isolates, rectal 14 isolates, airsacs 12 isolates, tracheal 4 isolates and liver 2 isolates.
- The obtained results showed that in nasal swabs, Ttichophyton meginiwere tht most prevalent fungus with incidence 47.4% followed by Afumigatus 26.3%, A.glaucus 15.8%, A.niger 10.5% in tracheal swabs showed the lowest number of fungal isolates .
- In rectal swabs Candida abicans and A.fumigatus were the most prevalent fungi with incidence of 85.7%, 14.3%.
- In lung and airsacs swabs A.fumigatus, A.glaucus and A.niger were the fungal isolates recovered and there is no other typs of isolates recovered.
- In liver swabs A.fumigatus and Candida albicans were the most prevalent fungi with incidence of 50%.
- The sensitivity test showed that A.fumigatus isolates were highly sensitive to Lamisil(100%)and were highly resistant to Mucostate.