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Abstract This study was carried out during 2011 and 2012 at the crop science prediction Laboratory, of Environmental Studies and Research Institute, Sadat City University, to investigate the effect of lighting period (6, 10, 14 and 18 h / day) ,aeration period (40, 60 and 80 min / day) and irrigation period (2, 3 and 4 min / 4h) on yield of barley and its attributes, using hydroponics technique. The hydroponics system. The hydroponics system consisted of a frame, growth trough and units of aeration, lighting, cooling, irrigation, and control units. Plant material and Experimental design. Barley Giza 124 Seeds were used in this subject, a split- split plot design with three replications was used in this study. Lighting period assigned to the main plots and the aeration period was in the sub plots, while the sub-sub plots included the irrigation period. Effect of lighting period on herb and root of barely under hydroponics system. 1-Herb and root length Lighting period 18 h/ day recorded the highest values (26.98 cm)for herb. While lighting period 6 h/ day recorded the lowest values (19.19) as for root length did not affected by lighting period. 2-Fresh yield (kg/m2) Lighting period 10 h/ day recorded the highest values (26.333 and 30.356 kg/m2) for herb and total fresh weight respectively. While lighting period 18 h/ day recorded the lowest values (17.170 and 21.244 kg/m2) for herb and total fresh weight respectively. Lighting period 14 h/ day recorded the highest value (4.178 kg/m2) for root, while the lowest value was obtained with lighting period 10 h/ day (4.022 kg/m2) for root. 3-Dry yield (kg/m2) Lighting period 14 h/ day recorded the highest value (2.410 kg/m2).While, lighting period 18 h/ day recorded the lowest value (2.022 kg/m2)for herb As for root and total dry weight, lighting period 6 h/ day recorded the highest values (0.649 and 2.846 kg/m2), respectively , while the lowest values were obtained with lighting period 10 h/ day ( 0.336 kg/m2) for root and lighting period 18 h/ day ( 2.367 kg/m2) for total dry weight. 4-Moisture content (%) lighting period 10 h/day recorded the highest value ( 92.22%) in herb and with 14 h/day for root ( 91.27 %), while the lowest moisture content in herb and root were obtained with lighting period 18 h/day ( 88.12 and 89.86 % ) for herb and root , respectively. 5-Dry matter content (%). Lighting period 18 h/ day recorded the highest value (11.87 %) for herb dry matter. While, lighting period 10 h/ day recorded the lowest value (7.77%). As for root dry matter, lighting period 6 h/ day recorded the highest values (16.08 %), while the lowest value was obtained with lighting period 10 or 14 h/ day (8.47%). 6-Water use efficiency (WUE). Lighting period 6 h/ day recorded the highest values (2.410 kg /L).While lighting period 10 h/ day recorded the lowest values (1.557 kg/L). 7-Fat content (%) Lighting time 6 h/ day in herb and root and recorded the highest values (5.130 and 6.011%), respectively While, lighting time 10 h/ day in herb and root and recorded the lowest value (5.078 and 5.978%) respectively. 8-Fiber content (%) Lighting period 6 h/ day recorded the highest value (16.489%). On the other hand, lighting period 14 h/ day recorded the lowest values (14.763) for herb, As for fiber content of root, lighting period 18 h/ day recorded the highest value (17.133%), while lighting period 14 h/ day recorded the lowest values (12.822%). 9-Protein content (%) Lighting period 14 h/day recorded the highest value ( 26.930 and 20.885%) for herb and root respectively., while the lowest value in herb and root were obtained with lighting period 6 h/day ( 24.559 and 10.707 % ) respectively. 10-Acid detergent fiber (%) Lighting period 6 h/ day recorded the highest values (12.467 and 13.133%) for herb and roots, respectively. While, lighting period 18h/ day recorded the lowest values (11.311 and 11.100%) for herb and roots, respectively. 11-Neutral detergent fiber Lighting period 18 h/ day recorded the highest value (32.656 %). While, lighting period 10 h/ day recorded the lowest values (30.474%) for roots. 12-Ratio of produced fodder/ planted seed weight Lighting period 10 h/ day recorded the highest values (6.626). while the lowest ratio of produced fodder planted seed weight ( 4.667) was obtained with lighting period 18 h/ day . 13-Macro elements contents in herb Lighting period had no significant effect on N, P and K contents in herb. 14-Microelements contents (mg/g) in herb Lighting period had no significant effect on Mg, Ca, Na, Mn and Zn contents in herb except Mn. The highest values of Mn (9.35 mg/g) was obtained with lighting period 6h/day, while the lowest values (9.30 mg/g) was obtained lighting period 14 or 18h/day. Effect of aeration period on both herb and root of barely under hydroponics system. 1-Herb and root length Herb and root length of barely did not affected by aeration period. 2-Fresh yield (kg/m2) Aeration period 40 min./ day recorded the highest values (23.042 and 26.464 kg/m2) for herb and total fresh weight respectively. While, aeration period 80 min./ day recorded the lowest values ( 19.978 and 24.783 kg/m2) for herb and total fresh weight respectively. Aeration period 80 min./ day recorded the highest value (4.806 kg/m2) for root, while the lowest value was obtained with aeration period 40 min./ day ( 3.422 kg/m2) for root. 3-Dry yield (kg/m2) Aeration period 80 min./ day recorded the highest values (2.329, 0.493 and 2.826 kg/m2) for herb , root and total dry weight respectively. While, the lowest values were recorded with the lowest period of aeration at 40 min./ day ( 2.046, 0.348 and 2.389 kg/m2) for herb, root and total dry weight respectively. 4-Moisture content (%) Aeration period 80 min./day recorded the highest values 91.16 % , while 40 min./day aeration gave the lowest value (89.10%)for herb. the maximum values in root (88.64 %) was obtained with 40 min. /day aeration, while the minimum value (86.82%) was obtained with 80 min. /day aeration. 5-Dry matter content (%). Aeration period 80 min./ day recorded the highest values (11.89, %). While, the lowest value was recorded with aeration 40 min./ day ( 8.83%) . 6-Water use efficiency (WUE). |