الفهرس 
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Abstract
The results of the experiments included in the present study showed that:
1-Three media were used for production of tetanus toxin. Modification No. ( 2 )of the medium produced by Mueller and Miller (1954), was the most suitable medium as it gave 100 Lf/ml, then modification No.( 1 ) which gave 80 Lf/ml, the least medium for production of tetanus toxin was the medium produced by Mueller and Miller (1954) which gave 45
Lf/ml.
2-Antitetanic serum produced from horses can be raised by administration of gradually increasing doses of alum precipitated tetanus toxin (1200, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 5600 [Jim’) to obtain antitetanic serum of (250, 300, 480, 800, 900 and 1000 I.U/m1) respectively.
3-Two methods for purification of tetanus toxin were studied. Toxin purified from culture filtrate has a purity of 4044.1 and Lf content of 1100 Lf/ml, while toxin purified by extraction of toxin from bacterial cells have purity of 26041.6 and Lf content of 500 Lf/ml.
4-A comparative study between 2 different inactivators; glutaraldehyde in a final concentration of 0.027 % and formaldehyde 0.35 % is presented. Formalized crude toxoid become safe after 5 days and Lf decrease from 62 Lf/ml to 50 Lf/ml, while glutaraldehyde toxoid become safe after 1 hour but Lf deteriorates from 62 Lf/ml to 10 Lf/ml.
Formalized purified toxoid become safe after 5 days with decrease in Lf content from 500 to 450 Lf/ml , while glutaraldehyde toxoid become safe after 10 minutes with decreasing Lf from 500 to 450 Lf/ml.
5-Evaluation of the immune response elicited in vaccinated guinea pigs by formalized purified toxoid and glutaraldehyde treated purified toxoid, they produced antitoxin titer of 4 I.0/ml and 12 I.U/m1 respectively.
6-Three types of adjuvants namely; aluminium hydroxide, aluminium phosphate and calcium phosphate (in a dose of 3 mg/ml elemental Aluminium or Calcium and 15Lf/ml/dose of purified toxoid) were compared with purified fluid toxoid. Aluminium hydroxide and calcium phosphate gave equal antitoxin titer (32 I.0/ml ) as measured by mouse toxin neutralization test. Aluminium phosphate gave a lower antitoxin titer(12 I. U/ml).
7-The results also show the presence of a large granuloma at the site of inoculation of aluminium hydroxide adsorbed toxoid and aluminium phosphate adsorbed toxoid which persists for more than 6 weeks, while in case of calcium phosphate adsorbed toxoid, the granuloma was smaller in size and persists for a shorter time(4 weeks).
from the above mentioned result it could be concluded that:
•Tetanus toxin can be produced in Lf values as higher as 100 Lf/ml using modification (2) of the medium produced by Mueller and Miller (1954).
•Horses receiving a weekly increasing doses of tetanus toxin precipitated with alum 0.5 % , produce antitetanic serum of 1000 1.0/ml after the 61h week.
•Purification of tetanus toxin from bacterial extract gave higher purity (26041.6) than purification from culture filtrate (4044.11).
•Glutaraldehyde can be used for the detoxification of purified tetanus toxin with a loss in Lf value from 500 to 450 Lf/ml, in 10 minutes.
•Glutaraldehyde treated toxin gave higher potency (12 1.0/ml) than formaldehyde treated toxin (4 1.0 /ml).
•In comparing aluminium hydroxide, aluminium phosphate and calcium phosphate as adjuvants for purified tetanus toxoid, calcium phosphate was equally potent to aluminium hydroxide(32 I.U/m1) and gave less severe local reaction.