الفهرس 
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Abstract
Copper salts are used extensively in agriculture as fungicides and
insecticides. Chronic copper poisoning is the commonest form of copper
toxicity in farm animals. The problem of copper toxicosis is complex due to
multiple interaction that may affect availability or retention of dietary copper.
Fifty clinically healthy Newzealand white rabbits about 4 months old, in
about 1500 g. average weight each were divided into five groups (ten for each).
The first group served as control. The second group fed on 4 g copper
oxychloride fungicide manufactured by Kafr El-Zayat Company !kilogram
feed. The third group fed on 16.30 g fungicidelkg feed. The fourth group fed on
20 g fungicidelkg feed. The fifth group (treated group) fed on 14.6 g
fungicidelkg feed mixed with 4 mglkg ammonium molybdate and 40 mglkg
sodium sulfate. The experimental period was extended to 60 days.
The histopathological changes in severly affected cases as in the 3rd
and 4th groups, were diffuse, extensive degenerative and necrotic changes in
the hepatocytes. The degree of intensity and extend of distribution of the
pathological changes could be correlated well with the dose and the level of
hepatic copper concentration. Electron microscopic studies at an early stage 15,
30 days in the 3rd and 4th groups post administration of copper oxychloride
revealed that an increase in number, size and density oflysosomes. The mean red blood corpuscle’s (RBC’s) count were 4.777., 4.09,
5.18, 5.28 and 5.435. million after 15 days, while they were 5.74,4.155,
1.5513, 3.375 and 5.0 million after 60 days from the beginning of the
experiment in 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th groups, respectively. Total white blood
corpuscle’s count (WBC’s) were 4.115,4.250,4.632,5.285 and.4.722 thousand
respectively after 15 days, while they were 4,905, 7,100,3,650,4,675 and
6,137 thousand after 60 day1Ifrom exposure of copper oxychloride in the 1st,
2nd, 3rd, 4th & 5th groups. The differentialleucoytic count did not reveal any
significant differences than eormal (1st group). The mean haemoglobin (HB) concentration were 11.75, 10.05,
13.75, 10.05 and 11.25 g/100 m1blood after 15 days, and 11.65, 10.10,8.60,
7.40 & 1O.75g/100 m1blood, respectively after 60 days from the beginning of
the experiment in 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th groups. There were highly
significant decrease after 45 days and 60 days in the 3rd and 4th groups. On the
other hand, 5th group showed no significant difference after 15, 30, 45, and 60
days of experiment.
Packed cell volume (PCV %)reached to 37, 34.75, 38, 3750 and 36.5
percent after 15 days and 39, 30, 24, 25 and 34 percent after 60 days of
experiment in 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th groups of the experiment, respectively.
Our results showed a significant differences in PCV percent after 60 days in the
3rd, and 4th groups
The mean concentrations of total bilirubin, were 0.327, 0.322, 0.334,
0.331, and 0.331 mg/100 m1blood after 15 days of experiment in the 1st, 2nd,
3rd, 4th and 5th groups, respectiv1ey, while the concentrations after 60 days
were 0.325, 0.376, 0.887, 0.561 and 0.325 mg/100 m1blood, respectively.
The total mean copper values in the examined liver samples of the
1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th group after 15 and 60 days of experiment were 16.93,
18.14, 53.56, 27.51 & 26.51 and 14.68, 30.89, 82.8, 67.05 & 15.75ppm(dry
basis), respectively. The highest copper concentration was found in the 3rd and
4th groups after 60 days . Also, the mean value of copper concentration in the
liver of the 5th group after 60 days from the beginning of the experiment were
relatively as those of the 1st (control) group. The total mean copper values in
the examined kidney samples of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th groups after 15
and 60 days of experiment were 7.89, 16.90, 50.09, 28.88 and 38.39 and 14.29,
15.27, 53.61,52.27 and 47.01ppm (dry basis), respectively. The results showed
a highly significant increase after 15, 30, 45 and 60 days ofexperiment in the
3rd, 4th, and 5th groups
The total mean copper values in the examined muscles samples of
the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th & 5th groups after 15 and 60 days from the beginning of
the experiment were 5.7,6.4,9.1,8.3 and 6.4 and 6.5, 6.7, 8.7, 9.8 and 6.8 (dry
basis), respectivey. The results showed that there were a significantly increase
in the copper concentration iD1he muscle of the 3rd and 4th groups after 15, 30,
45 and 60 days from the beg” •. ng of the expeaiment. The mean copper-”*concentratioll5 in the examined fecal samples. in
the lst, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th groups after15 and 60 days of experiment reached
to 70.32, 150, 200.D7,270.32 and 190.91and 105.341, 130.26, 330.57, 260.49
and 290.77.ppm, respectively. After 45 and 60 days there were a highly
significant increase in fecal copper in the 3nd, 4th and 5th groups beside
significance increase in the 2nd group after 45 days of the experiment.