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Abstract The present study was designed to monitor the ovarian status during the prenatal and postnatal life on which the reproductive pattern of buffaloes could be expected. The present work was carried out on a total 236 foetuses of different developmental stages, 116 female buffalo genitalia of different ages and 40 female buffaloes examined clinically. Smples were taken for foetuses and genitalia from buffaloes slaughtered in C~tiro and Benha abattoirs. Age of the foetuses was determined using the 0,V.R.L. equation. Immediately after slaughtering and eva~icer— ation, tile anatomical and morphological parameters of tile ovaries were recorded as follows: position, shape, ovarian measurements (length, breadth, thickness & size) and weight. thta obtained were tabulated and statistically analysed. Histological and histochemical studies were made on embryos, as a whole, and ovaries of the prenatal foetuses and the postnatal slaughtered females. ~om the present study, the following results were obtained: A- During tile prental life 1- The ovarian separation from the kidneys became more apparent and the two ovaries were observed in the pelvic position at about 175 — 181 days intrauterine; 2- The ovarian shape appeared spherical, elliptical to spindle and ovoid to oval at about 56, 96 and 175—181 days intrauterine,respt. ectively. The ovarian size increased with the advancement of the foetal age to range from 0.156پ}0.013 cni3upto 74 days to 2,735÷0.061 cm3 upto 299 days. Highly significant (P <0.01) differences in the ovarian size were observed between the right and left ovaries throughout the developmental stages; 3- The ovarian weight varied from O.226پ}0~oo4g upto 74 days to l.O56+Q.036g upto 299 days. Highly significant (P <0.01) diffe rences were also observed between the right and left ovaries during the whole foetal life; 4- About 70 vesicular follicles on each ovary were firstly observed in foetuses at about 280 days and increased in number till the full term; 5- from the histological findings, the primordia of the gonads were distinct (33 days)~ sexual differentiation occurred (38 days); the gonads became larger in size and gonadal cells wefl differen tiated into three types of cells (39—47 days); excessive mitoic figures and ovigerous cords were observed (56—76 days); the ovaries were identified into two zones, an outer cortex and an inner medulla (83—92 days); the primary follicles firstly obser ved (105 days); the cortex increased in thickness following the increase in number of follicles4~As—positive substances were observed in primordial, primary follicles and connective tissue stroma, in addition to alcianophilic substances in the tunioa albuginea and around the blood vessels (153—182 days); tubular structures were noticed and an increase in the reactivity to neutral and acid mucopolysacoharides was shown (186—209 days); the growing follicles were firstly observed (231 days); some dege nerative changes in the follicles and karyolysis of the nucleus took place (245—281 days) and these degenerative changes were continued till parturition. B— During the postnatla life Position of the ovaries was observed intrapelvic early postnatal and in mature buffaloes; in pleuriparous animals they were palpat on the pelvic brim. 2— The ovarian shape and size differed in relation to age of the animal and ovarian activities. They appeared ovoid or nearly oval oval and cord—like in young,mature and aged buffaloes,respectjvejj The size increased from 1.099}0.062 cm3in young to 6.612+0,256 cm) in ages upto 10 years, but decreased to 4.055÷0.069 cm3in ages over 10 years; highly significant (p <0.01) increase in the size of the right ovary when compared to that of the left one; 3— The ovarian weight also increased with the advancement of the age to vary from l.3O7~Q.015g in young to 6.333i-0.237g in ages upto 1 years, but decreased to 3.84l+0.047g in ages over 10 years; non significant increase was noticed in weight of the right ovary when compared to that of the left one; 4— Vesicular follicles were observed on the surface of the ovqries in young; ~raafian follicle and/cr corpus luteurn were palpated in mature and no structures could be ‘palpated in aged buffaloes. The Graffian follicle early palpated at 11 monthes; from the histological findings, numerous primary follicles in the cortex and some smooth muscle cells arranged singly or in small bundles in the medulla were observed (5 days after birth); some Graafiar. follicles and positive reactions against PAS in ovarian follicles and connective tissue and alcianophilic substancd in follicular fluid and connective tissue were demonstrated (21—65 days); there was an increase in number of ovarian follicles and intensity to PAS and .&lcian blue reactions in addition to the presence of well developed corpus luteum in mature buffaloes; numerous atretic follicles and corpora albicans in the cortex, some lymphocytic infiltrations in the parenchyma and medulla in addition to a decrease in the reactivity to PAS and Alcian blue were demonstrated in ovaries of aged buffaloes. |