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Abstract Gamma rays have a wide spread range of applications in different fields of science. As an example: the study of nuclear structure, the identification of radio-isotopes and their intensities, estimating the absorbed doses and the determination of interaction cross-sections where gamma rays are either incident or out going from the reaction. Therefore, gamma ray spectroscopy is very important factor and has to be determined with high accuracy. This work is concerned with the high accurate measurement and analysis of a gamma spectrum for different detector’s shapes and types, and different geometrical sources by using the direct calculation method. This is done in five parts. The first, is devoted to the measurements technique, where, methods of detection and recording systems are discussed. Interactions of the gamma rays in the detector and the resulting deposited energy within was given. Then, the detector’s factors, that concern the measurements analysis - detector efficiencies -, are mentioned and the methods, that, are used to determined them with the advantages and disadvantages for each method are displayed. In the second part of this thesis, the detector’s factors -that are called the detector’s efficiencies- are defined and the coefficient ,that is used in the direct calculation method to determine each efficiency type, is derived. At the beginning, the geometrical efficiency Gg is defined and the expression, that is used to determine’ it, is derived. Then, the total efficiency Gt is defined and its corresponding coefficient Jlt is determined. The intrinsic efficiency, Git can be calculated from Gt / Gg. The full energy. |