الفهرس 
Materials and methodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the rate of canine retraction and anchorage loss with two different pre-adjusted bracket systems(Frictionless and non frictionless orthodontic brackets)using two different types of arch-wires (0.016x0.022-inch stainless steel and 0.016x0.022-inch nickel-titanium) in ahuman sample.Forteen patients were selected from the orthodontic clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry,Suez Canal University.All patients required the removal of first premolars in both arches as apart of their orthodontic treatment.Each subject was received two different brackets (synergy and conventional) placed on opposite canine teeth within the same arch in both upper and lower arches.Class I mechanics was used with aforce level of 200 gm.Acontinous,passively fitted 0.016x0,022 inch stainless steel arch wire was used for canine retraction in seven patients;another 0.016x0.022 inch nickel-titanium arch wire was used in the other seven patients.Patients were seen at 2-week intervals until retraction completed.The amount of retraction and anchorage loss was measured , and time of retraction was recorded.