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المستخلص Extension Needs of Strawberry Farmers in Qalyoubia GoYcrnoratc SU~f~lAn.Y In regard to the importance of Strawberry as a nutritive and export crop, the Extension personnal disseminate some high yield varieties of Strawberry among fanners in Qalyoubia Governorate. Because of the recency of these varieties, unfamiliarity of farmers to deal with them, this study was carried out to assess the needs of Strawberry fanners regarding the recommended practices of this crop, to recognize the constraints facing fanners in producing and marketing Strawberry crop and to suggest an Extension plan of work to improve the productivity of Strawberry crop in Shebeen El-Kanater and Toukh districts of Qalyoubia Governorate. Objectives of the Study: The objectives of this study could be sUlwnarized as follows: 1- To determine the knowledge need level of respondent fanners regarding Strawberry recommended practices. 2- To detennille the need level of respondent farmers to implement Strawberry recommended practices. 3- To determine the significant differences between the knowledge need level of respondent fanners and their need level to implement Strawberry recommended practices. 4- To detennine the independent variables that affect knowledge need degrees of respondent fanners conceming Strawberry recommended practices. __ .__ ~~-- ---- - --r - --- ..-~-- ------ ---- --- -- -----.~--~----------- - 2 - 5- To determine the independent variables that affect need degrees of respondent fanners to implement S rawberry recommended practices. 6- To determine the constraints of Strawbe production and marketing facing respondent farmers l1:01n their point f view. 7- To determine the information sources, ofre pondent fanners regarding Strawberry production and marketing. 8- To recognize the Extension services providing to Strawberry respondent farmers in Shebeen EI-Ka tel’ and Toukh districts, Qalyoubia governorate. 9- To suggest an Extension plane of work to iprove the productivity of Strawberry crop in Shebeen EI-Kan tel’ and Toukh districts, Qalyoubia governorate. Methodology: Four villages were selected from She en El-Kanater and Toukh districts in Qalyoubia governorate. Strawbe cultivated area and the number of Strawberry fanners were the criteria for that selection. A Systematic random sample amounted 174 respondents was chosen representing 10 % from the total Strawberry armers in the selected four villages. Data were collected by personal iews usmg a pretested questionnaire in July and August, 1993. ”Z” test, Simple Correlation Coefficie ,Multiple Correlation and Regression analysis (Step-Wise) and means ere used to analyze data statistically Frequencies and percentages wer used to present some data of this study. - 3 - Results of the Stud~ The results of this study are summarized n seven points as follows: 1. The knowledge need level of Strawbe ’ry respondents was high regarding using plastic for Strawberry p nting and soil sterilisation. This level was moderate concernin planting date, potassium fertilization and diseases control. But nowledge need level was considered relatively low for the rest rec mmended practices. 2. The respondents’ need level was high for mplementing planting date, soil sterilisation and using plastic for Strawberry planting. This level was moderate regarding nitrogei and potassium fertilization, diseases control and packing. But th respondents’ need level for implementing the rest recommended practices was considered relatively low. 3. There was significant difference at o. I level between knowledge need level of respondents and their eed level of implementation regarding planting date, appropriate oil, land preparation, soil sterilisation, cultivation method, usir g plastic for Strawberry planting, nitrogen and potassium f ilization, irrigation, pest control, harvesting and packing. 4. from multiple correlation and regress n analyses, seven variables significantly affected the knowledge eed degrees of respondents (30.16 %). They were cultivated area, years of expenence in Strawberry trawberry yield per feddan, leadership degree, farm holding size degree of formal social participation and degree of attitude tow d agricultural Extension. Also, five variables significantly a cted the need degrees of respondents to implement Strawbe recommended practices (20.29 %). They were Strawberry cultivated area, years of .• - 4 - expenence m Strawberry cultivation, egree of contact with the agricultural services centers, number f information sources and Strawberry yield per feddan. These variables must be considered i dealing with Strawberry fanners in the future for improvi g their knowledge and implementation levels regarding trawberry technical recommendations. Also, helping the to increase their Strawberry productivity. 5. Twelve constraints roduction from respondents points of view were mentioned wit percentages ranged from 32.76 % to 95.98 %. These constraint were as follows: High prices of transplants(95.98%) igh prices of chemical fertilizers(90.80 %), diseases infectio (90.23 %) high prices of pesticides(85.63 %), high wages ofa .cultural laborers(74.71 %), high prices of renting irrigation mac . es (56.90 %), low level of irrigation water in canals (54.60 %) high prices of transportation (45.98 %), lack of appropriate pack (43.10 %), unavailability of refrigerators in the area of study (4 .53 %), high prices of packs (40.80 %) and weeds widespread (32.7 %). 6. The main sources of respondents’ info ation were the neighbours, relatives and village Extension work r, mentioned by 900/0, 89 %, 64.75 % of respondents respectively. 7. The respondent farmers mentioned four xtension services offering to them as follows: Field visits (67.24 ~), helping fanners to solve their problems (49.43 %), Extension eetings (29.89 %) and home visits (27.01 %). - 5 - Based on the results xtension plan of work was developed for meeting high and moderate kno edge and implementation needs of respondent farmers regarding Strawbe recommended practices. Execution of this plan should guid Extension workers to help farmers for increasing their Strawberry yields i the coming seasons. TIllS study comes out with four rec endations in order to improve Strawberry productivity in Qalyoubia. |