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Abstract
Abstract
ElEl- El-Salam Canal project extension soils has variation in its origin properties and suitability for agriculture. Therefore, the current study aimed to:
1- Classify the soils from pediological and agricultural suitability points of view
2- Evaluate of El-Salam Canal water for irrigation.
3- Examine both used waters for the pollution with heavy metals.
4- The performance of some amendments on soil properties under irrigation with El- Salam Canal water.
The obtained results can be summarized as follows:
1(The soils could be classified as: Typic Aquisalids, Gypsic Aquisalids, Gypsic Haplosalids,
Calsic Haplosalids, Typic Haplosalids, Aquic Torriorthents and Typic Torripsaments.
2) Land capability classification was used to classify the soils under study according to their potentialities and limitations for grades: III, IV and V
3) The ECiw and SAR values of El-Salam Canal water and its sources varied between 0.64 to 3.29
dSm-1 and 2.31 to 10.56 dSm-1, respectively. The highest values were obtained in Bahr Hadous drain, Shadder Azzam branch.
4) The concentration of the studied heavy metals followed the order of: Fe > Zn > Cu > Mn > Pb for Nile water. Comparing to Fe > Zn > Cu = Mn = Pb for El-Salam Canal water and drain water. The relative highly increases of heavy metals were found in Summer season. Fortunately, the levels of heavy metals in El-Salam Canal water and sources were lower than the maximum permissible limits of these metals in irrigation water.
5) El-Salam Canal water contains high levels of BOD, COD and DO according to the Egyptian Law No. 48 of 1982.
6) The counts of total bacteria in the El-Salam Canal water and its sources were relatively low comparing to the allowable limit of Egyptian Law No. 48 of 1982. The counts of total coliforms (TC) and faecal coliforms (FC) in all locations of El-Salam Canal were higher with respect to maximum limits; Total counts of Coliform values were generally one to four orders higher than FC.
7) Added soil amendment (compost, Polyacrylamides and gypsum) resulted a positive effect on studied soil characteristics
8) Added soil amendments (compost and gypsum) improved the soil biological properties.
Keywords: Soil classification, Sustainable land management, water quality, El-Salam Canal, Soil amendments, Soil biology.