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Abstract
The present work was carried out to evaluate the pathological effects of acrylamide on the genital and parenchymatous organs as well as the semen quality in rabbits . The animals were daily intubated with 63 mg/kg body weight up to 8 weeks, a period which cover the whole length of the spermatogenic cycle in rabbits.
Evaluation of semen revealed a significant decrease of the sperm count and sperm individual motility. However, the percentages of total sperm abnormalities including the acrosomal defects were significantly increased throughout the whole experiment.
Regarding the clinical signs, the intoxicated rabbits showed depression, dullness, loss of appetite, decrease in body weight, skeletal muscle weakness and development of neuropathic syndrome (ataxia and dragging of hind limb). These clinical signs became more obvious and severe from the 4th week till the end of the experiment, without mortalities.
Gross lesions of acrylamide poisoning were not observed at necropsy in animals until the 4th week of the experimental period, and were more prevalent on the last week of the experiment. The liver showed slight enlargement and paleness on the 4th week of the experiment and later, the testes appeared congested and slightly increased in size. The unique detectable gross lesion of brain was congestion of the meningeal blood vessels.The spleen of the poisoned animals appeared congested and slightly enlarged with round edges.
The histopathologic examination revealed some changes which were time dependent in severity . The liver showed variable degrees of inflammatory reaction in the form of periportal and perivascular mononuclear cell infiltration and sinusoidal cell activation, hyDROPic degeneration, periportal edema and development of fibrosis. The testes showed interstitial edema, vacuolar degeneration and desquamation of spermatogenic cells into the lumen of seminiferous tubules, as well as spermatogenic giant cells formation
Cerebrum showed slight inflammatory reactions in the form of focal gliosis, perivascular cuffing, slight encephalomyelitis, perivascular edema, meningeal and cerebral hemorrhage, encephalomalacia and neuronal degeneration. The kidney exhibited dilation of Bowman’s space, vacuolar degeneration of some epithelial lining of the renal tubules, moderate interstitial lymphoid cell infiltration, focal tubular basophilia and renal infarction. Moreover, the lung showed marked pulmonary edema, desquamation of the epithelial lining and interstitial lymphoid cell infiltration associated with peribronchial lymphoid hyperplasia. Spleen showed hemosiderosis, lymphoid follicle depletion and extramedullary haematopiotic changes. On the other hand, heart showed mild to moderate interstitial lymphocytic cell infiltration, myofibril degeneration and cardiac myopathy.