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Abstract
One hundred and twenty five samples of chicken legs, fillets, wings, burger and luncheon ( 25 samples of each ) were collected from shops and supermarkets in Beni-Suef City. The collected samples were transferred to the laboratory in ice box with a minimum of delay, where subjected to investigation for the psychrotrophic bacteria.
The mean counts of psychrotrophs in chicken legs, fillets, wings, burger and luncheon were 5 × 106 , 1 × 105 , 2 × 106, 2 × 105 and 6 × 105 microorganisms/gram, while in psy. Enterobacteriaceae the counts were 2 × 103 , 4 × 103 , 4 × 103 2 × 103 and 4 × 103 microorganisms / gram, respectively.
Pseudomonas counts were 1 × 103 , 2 × 103 , 3 × 103 , 1 × 103 and 5 × 102 , while Aeromonas counts were 3 × 102 , 8 × 102 , 4 × 102 , 2 × 102 , and 1 × 102 for , legs , fillets , wings, burger and luncheon microorganisms / gram, respectively.
Escherichia coli was isolated from legs ( 8 % ) fillet ( 12 % ) where 4 % pathogenic and 8 % non pathogenic ), wings ( 4 % ) and luncheon ( 4 % ). Citrobacter freundii was isolated from legs ( 4 % ), fillets ( 12 % ) , wings ( 4 % ) and burgers ( 16 % ). Edwardsiella trade was isolated from legs ( 16 % ) , fillets ( 8 % ) , wings ( 20 % ) , burger ( 4 % ) and luncheon ( 8 % ) . Enterobacter agglomerans was isolated from legs ( 24 % ) , fillets ( 24 % ) , wings ( 8 % ) and burger ( 12 % ) . Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated from leg ( 4 % ) , wings ( 12 % ) , burgers ( 4 % ) and luncheon ( 16 % ) . Klebsiella aerugens was isolated from legs ( 8 % ) , wings ( 16 % ) and burgers ( 12 % ) , while Proteus mirabilis was isolated from legs ( 8 % ) , wings ( 12 % ) , burger ( 8 % ) and Luncheon ( 12 % ). Proteus vulgaris was isolated from 20 % of fillet and 8 % of luncheon. Enterobacter gergoviae was isolated from 8 % of legs, 12 % of wings, 4 % of burger and 8 % of luncheon samples.
Serratia fonticola was isolated from 8 % of wings, 4 % of burger and 12 % of luncheon. Finally, Providencia rettegri was isolated from 8 % of fillet, 16 % of wings, 12 % of burger and 12 % of luncheon samples.
Aeromonas species were isolated from 65.6 % of chicken products, where in legs, fillets, wings, burgers and luncheon, Aeromonas hyDROPhila was isolated in percentages of 36 %, 48 % 44 % , 40 % and 8 % , Aeromonas sobria 20 % , 12 % , 16 % , 20 % and 16 %. Aeromonas caviae 8 % , 20 % , 16 % , 12 % and 12 % , respectively.
Pseudomonas species were isolated from 78.4 % of the examined chicken products, where from legs, fillets, wings, burgers and luncheon samples, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated in percentages of 36 % , 20 % , 40 % , 36 % and 12 % . Pseudomonas fluorescence was isolated from 20 % , 20 % , 16 % 8 % and 4 % . Pseudomonas mallei was isolated from 16 % , 12 % 16 % , 24 % and 8 % and finally Pseudomonas putida was isolated from 16 % , 32 % , 20 % , 16 % and 16 % , respectively.
In the examined chicken products, Yersinia was isolated in a percent of 44.8 % , where legs, fillets , wings, burgers, and luncheon samples contained Yersinia enterocolitica in percents of 20 % , 16 % , 28 % , 12 % and 8 %. Yersinia frederiksenii in percents of 12 % , 20 % , 16 % , 16 % and 12 % and finally Yersinia entermedia in percents of 24 % , 12 % , 12 % , 8 % and 8 %, respectively.
Listeria was isolated from 29.6 % of examined chicken products, where in legs, fillets, wings, burgers and luncheon, Listeria monocytogens was isolated in percents of 12 % , 8 % , 12 % , 0 % and 4 % , Listeria innocua was isolated in percents of 8 % , 12 % , 28 % , 8 % and 12 % , Listeria welshimeri was isolated in percents of 4 % , 4 % , 8 % , 4 % , and 8 % , finally Listeria grayi was isolated in percents of 0 % , 8 % , 8 % , 0 % , and 0 % , respectively.
The economic importance as well as public health significance of the isolated psychrotrophic bacteria were discussed. The suggestive measures for extension of the shelf life time of chicken products were mentioned.